Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Simple Definition for Beginners:

IAM is a framework of policies and technologies that ensure the right individuals have access to the right resources at the right time.

Common Use Example:

An organization uses IAM systems to manage user identities, control access to sensitive data, and enforce security policies across its IT infrastructure.

Technical Definition for Professionals: 

Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a comprehensive approach to digital security that encompasses policies, processes, and technologies for managing and controlling user identities and their access rights within an organization’s IT environment. IAM systems facilitate the provisioning and de-provisioning of user accounts, define and enforce access policies, authenticate users, and manage privileges and permissions across systems and applications. Key components of IAM include identity lifecycle management, authentication mechanisms (e.g., single sign-on, multi-factor authentication), access control models (e.g., role-based access control), user activity monitoring, and identity governance. IAM plays a critical role in ensuring data security, regulatory compliance, and mitigating insider threats.